How To Learn Photography: Digital Photography for Beginners
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| How to Learn Photography Digital Photography for Beginners |
Buying a camera .Two main types of compact cameras Main Using Camera Under :
- 1-Point the camera and shoot
- 2-SLR cameras
- 3-Vital controls
- A.) ISO speed
- B.) Shooting modes: P, A, S, M, B
- C.) Exposure
- meter D.) Histogram
- E.) Exposure compensation
- F.) Type of file for saving images
- G.) Memory cards
- H.) Color space
- I.) Focal length and lenses
1-Point the camera and shoot
Some cameras come with interchangeable lenses, while others don't. You will be able to view the scene using a liquid crystal display (LCD). Various cameras are equipped with viewfinders. The aiming and shooting cameras are small. They are compact and can be carried in your pocket. Compared to SLR cameras, pointing and shooting cameras are cheaper. Many of these cameras have a built-in macro setting that allows you to take close-up shots. However, the quality of images on compact cameras is not as good as on SLR cameras. However, these cameras are also capable of taking professional-quality photos.
2-SLR cameras
SLR cameras are usually larger and, as a rule, more expensive than digital compact cameras. SLR cameras can also be used with a large number of interchangeable lenses, such as macro lenses and telephoto lenses. These cameras also generate high-quality images. They have many important functions that are not available in compact cameras.
They also have various add-ons. Compared to compact cameras, SLR cameras shoot at a higher frame rate, which makes them the best option for action shooting. Before buying a SLR camera, you should know its disadvantages. SLR cameras are expensive, larger and heavier.
They are called SLR or single-lens reflex simply because you can see the lens built into the camera and the light is reflected by the mirror through the prism and then into the viewfinder. Its reflection disappears whenever the user presses the press button to take a picture, and allows the light to fall on the sensor, which is located behind the mirror.
3-Vital controls
A.) ISO speed
B.) Shooting modes: P, A, S, M, B
C.) Exposure
meter D.) Histogram
E.) Exposure compensation
F.) Type of file for saving images
G.) Memory cards
H.) Color space
I.) Focal length and lenses
A.) ISO speed
The ISO speed determines the photosensitivity of digital sensors and the amount of "graininess" in photos. At any time when there is a lot of light around, for example, when you are shooting on a clear day, you should set the camera's ISO speed from 100 to 200. But if you want to shoot inside without using a flash, set the camera to ISO400, 800, 1600 or more. The higher you set the ISO speed, the more grainy your photo will be. Make sure you always use the lowest ISO speed, which will allow you to take a picture at 1/30 shutter speed, or possibly faster if the tripod is just standing there. Doubling the ISO speed also increases the camera's light sensitivity.
Advances in noise reduction allow cameras to capture low-grain images even at high ISO, 1600 or even higher speeds. There are cameras that automatically change the ISO speed depending on the illumination. But it's even better if you have control over the ISO speed.
B.) Shooting modes: P, A, S, M, B
You can purchase cameras that include additional modes. You can use program P or party mode if you don't want to think; A or the aperture priority setting to adjust the depth of field. In A mode, you control the lens aperture and therefore the depth of field. However, do not forget to check the shutter speed. Often it should be /30 seconds or faster if the camera is in your hand.
Other settings are usually used, such as S (shutter), M (manual) and B (incandescent lamp). The S mode can be used in sports to lock a higher shutter speed. To ensure reliable exposure in panoramas, you can use M mode or manual mode. B or an incandescent lamp keeps the shutter open as long as the push button is used.
Mode B is extremely useful for long-term nighttime shooting, such as fireworks and lightning, however, a tripod may be required for this. B is usually in M mode or manual mode. If you want to control your camera as well as the depth of field in a photo, always use the A or aperture priority mode.
C.) Exposure meter
Today, many cameras include several types of measuring systems. Measuring systems measure the amount of light entering the digital sensor. Do you have any alternatives: multi-section or also called matrix, cellular or evaluation, center-weighted and point meter. Spot metering is used in low light or in backlit situations.
Spot metering requires a lot of skill to use it correctly. It is often recommended to install the camera on a matrix measurement.
D.) Histogram
This element is used when studying exposure, especially in bright outdoor lighting. The diagram describes the number of pixels and how many light, medium or dark tones there are in the image. The left side of the histogram assumes full black, while the right side is full white with more advanced tones in between.
The histogram peak shows the volume of pixels in your image with a certain tone. When the histogram is located far to the left, it means that the image is probably underexposed. However, if it is very far from the right side, the image may be overexposed.
The worst thing you can do is have too much exposure simply because it's impossible to fix it after that. A large histogram is in the center.
E.) Exposure compensation
If the background is either very bright or very dark, even the upper meters can be deceived. Currently, many digital cameras have the ability to change the exposure by making the image lighter or darker using the exposure compensation button. This attribute basically includes a +/- sign next to it. If you cannot find such signs, please refer to the camera's operating manual.
Sometimes this camera suggestion is hidden in the navigation. In case you press a key, you may need to press another control key to change the exposure, so it will be lighter + lighter or - darker. If you have finished taking a picture, do not forget to reset the control key to zero.
F.) Type of file for saving images
The most common file type used to store images is JPG, and it usually has dimensions (S, M, L). If you want to get the largest file of good quality, often choose the size L. If your camera has many quality configurations, often choose the optimal quality so that you can simply reduce the size of any kind of image. On the other hand, a JPG file cannot always be enlarged without degrading the image quality.
All digital SLR cameras have the ability to shoot in RAW format. Only a few compact cameras have this feature. RAW files are often larger than JPG files. The quality of photos is also much improved after processing, because there is much more data in them, as well as colors.
However, the raw files must first be processed with the software before you can print your files. RAW files also allow you to enlarge your photos by more than 200%, and after that you can change the exposure and white balance.
So you may still have a chance to improve the exposure of your image. Most cameras also allow you to shoot JPG and RAW files at the same time. If you need flexibility and high quality, work with JPG files. They are easier to work with, they are smaller in size and can be printed as is. The raw files must be processed in the software before they can be placed on a web page, printed or distributed by mail.
G.) Memory cards
Memory cards can be found in a variety of styles, sizes, memory capacity and recording speed. The number of images you can get with a memory card is often indicated in your camera. Always have at least one additional card with you. If you're going to shoot at a wedding or on vacation, you'll probably need more storage cards. Would you like to invest in a faster memory card?
There is no need to spend money on a faster card, as currently your camera may have a built-in memory buffer. Faster maps are great for those who shoot HD videos, or for those who shoot a large number of images in bursts of 10 to 20.
H.) Color space
This function specifies the number of colors saved by the camera. sRGB or small Red Green Blue is one of the most convenient settings for photographers shooting only in JPG format. On the other hand, Adobe RGB is a much larger color space, and it's a much better choice for photographers who process their own images using image editing programs like Photoshop to print them.
Images that are used with sRGB tend to get brighter directly from the camera, as the camera processes the data files for you. The Adobe RGB color space is preferable to use whenever you shoot RAW files, the photos will appear flat at first, but after processing in Adobe Photoshop they may look even better than JPG files.
If you want to shoot in RAW format, it's best to set the camera to Adobe RGB, but if you need to shoot using JPG files, leave the camera in sRGB mode.
I.) Focal length and lenses
The focal length is, of course, the distance from the sensor to the center of the front element of the lens. Lenses with a focal length of 40 to 50 mm have the same view as the human eye, which is the main reason why they are called ordinary lenses. Every time the focal length doubles, you magnify the images by 2, 4 or 6 times.
To find out the approximate magnification, simply divide the focal length of the lens by 50 mm. Wide-angle lenses are lenses with a focal length of less than 40 mm. Wide-angle lenses are ideal for shooting panoramas and interiors. If you want to look thinner in your photos, use wide-angle lenses!
If you don't have a wide-angle lens, you can still take a lot of overlapping photos, and then stitch them completely using Photoshop or other image editing programs to create a panorama from them. If you are going to use only one lens, then you should purchase either a zoom lens with a zoom from 18 to 200, or 28-300 mm.
It is this lens that is the best lens for most types of photography. Macro lenses allow you to focus very close to the subject. Macro lenses are special lenses. Currently, many zoom lenses have a built-in macro function. Macro lenses can have different focal lengths - 50, 100 and 200 mm.
The longer the focal length of the lens, the further you can photograph the subject while maintaining a close-up image. Many compact cameras also offer a macro mode that allows you to get very close to your subjects. Pay attention to the flower symbol if you want to switch your compact camera to macro mode.
VR (vibration reduction - Nikon) or IS (image stabilization - Canon) lenses are lenses that minimize vibration due to camera shake. These types of special lenses are incredibly useful whenever you use a telephoto lens that increases camera shake. Virtual reality or vibration suppression is most likely not particularly useful for wide-angle lenses or when the camera is attached to a tripod. To get the best results on a tripod, turn off IS.
If you are going to buy a telephoto lens with virtual reality support, it is worth paying extra for it. You can find compact cameras that have built-in shake suppression and are usually very useful when shooting indoors or in low light without a flash. If the lens offers more than one form of virtual reality, be sure to read the lens manual.
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